{"id":4614,"date":"2023-11-19T11:48:36","date_gmt":"2023-11-19T11:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/?p=4614"},"modified":"2025-03-05T01:41:25","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T22:41:25","slug":"payanda-nedir-payanda-cesitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/payanda-nedir-payanda-cesitleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Payanda Nedir Payanda \u00c7e\u015fitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde binalar\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan bir yap\u0131 eleman\u0131 olan payanda, mimari yap\u0131lar\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131ndan biri haline gelmi\u015ftir. Bu yaz\u0131da, payandan\u0131n ne oldu\u011fundan, farkl\u0131 yap\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitlerine ve \u00f6zellikle Osmanl\u0131 mimarisindeki \u00f6nemine kadar bir\u00e7ok konuyu ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Payandan\u0131n tarih\u00e7esi, i\u015flevi ve mimariye katt\u0131\u011f\u0131 estetik de\u011ferlerle ilgili detayl\u0131 bilgileri burada bulabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca cumba payandas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da bilgi edinerek, bu yap\u0131 eleman\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>Payanda Nedir<\/h2>\n<p>Payanda, yap\u0131lar\u0131n stabilitesini ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir destek eleman\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131larda kullan\u0131lan payandalar, yap\u0131ya ekstra destek sa\u011flayarak deprem ve di\u011fer do\u011fal afetlerle m\u00fccadele eder. Ayr\u0131ca payandalar, yap\u0131lar\u0131n deformasyonunu \u00f6nlemek, y\u00fckleri dengelemek ve yap\u0131ya ekstra dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Birinci tip <strong>payandalar<\/strong> s\u0131kl\u0131kla d\u0131\u015f cephedeki kolonlar aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir ve genellikle bina d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir yap\u0131yla birle\u015ftirilir. \u0130kinci tip <strong>payandalar<\/strong> ise daha karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u00fcrekli bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. \u00c7at\u0131 payandalar\u0131, bu tip yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir payanda \u00e7e\u015fididir. Di\u011fer bir pop\u00fcler <strong>payanda \u00e7e\u015fidi<\/strong> ise cumba payandas\u0131d\u0131r. Cumba payandalar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ve s\u00fcsleme ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir \u00e7e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Birinci tip payandalar d\u0131\u015f cephedeki kolonlar aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130kinci tip payandalar karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u00fcrekli bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li>Cumba payandalar\u0131 ise Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz s\u00fcsleme amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir \u00e7e\u015fittir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Payanda T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th>\n<th>Kullan\u0131m Alan\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Birinci Tip Payandalar<\/td>\n<td>D\u0131\u015f cephedeki kolonlar aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130kinci Tip Payandalar<\/td>\n<td>Karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cumba Payandalar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde s\u00fcsleme amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4616 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/payanda.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/payanda.webp 640w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/payanda-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/payanda-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/payanda-450x450.webp 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Yap\u0131larda Kullan\u0131lan Payanda \u00c7e\u015fitleri<\/h2>\n<p>Yap\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan payandalar, mimari yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndan biridir. Payandalar, binalar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine destek sa\u011flayarak yap\u0131lar\u0131n stabilitesini sa\u011flar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne de estetik bir katk\u0131da bulunurlar. Bu yaz\u0131da, yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde kullan\u0131lan payandalar ve \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda bilgiler aktaraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. K\u00f6\u015fe Payandas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6\u015fe payandalar\u0131, yap\u0131lar\u0131n k\u00f6\u015fe noktalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan payanda \u00e7e\u015fitleridir. Bu payandalar, yap\u0131ya ekstra dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k ve stabilite sa\u011flar. K\u00f6\u015fe payandalar\u0131 genellikle d\u0131\u015f cepheye entegre edilerek estetik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015ftururlar. Ta\u015f veya beton gibi malzemelerden yap\u0131lan k\u00f6\u015fe payandalar\u0131, yap\u0131ya g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir destek sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. D\u00fcz Payanda:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcz payandalar, yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcz y\u00fczeylerinde kullan\u0131lan ve daha \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015f cephede tercih edilen payanda \u00e7e\u015fitleridir. Bu payandalar, duvarlar\u0131n veya kolonlar\u0131n paralel olarak yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fcz payandalar, yap\u0131ya destek sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00f6rsel olarak da dikkat \u00e7ekici bir etki olu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>3. Konsol Payanda:<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>4. S\u00fctun Payandas\u0131:<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Konsol payandalar, yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yapan b\u00f6lgelerinde kullan\u0131lan payandalar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr payandalar, \u00f6zellikle bina giri\u015flerinde veya balkonlarda destek ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Konsol payandalar, mimari a\u00e7\u0131dan dekoratif bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturur ve yap\u0131ya g\u00f6rsel bir zenginlik katar.<\/td>\n<td>S\u00fctun payandalar\u0131, genellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gereken yap\u0131lar\u0131n desteklenmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan payanda \u00e7e\u015fitleridir. S\u00fctun payandalar\u0131, kolonlar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek ve binan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dengeli bir \u015fekilde ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu payandalar, mimari yap\u0131ya karakteristik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm verir ve estetik bir etki yarat\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Cumba Payandas\u0131 Nedir<\/h2>\n<p>Cumba payandas\u0131, mimaride yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f cephesini ta\u015f\u0131yan yap\u0131sal bir destek eleman\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrk\u00e7edeki &#8220;cumba&#8221; kelimesi Arap\u00e7a k\u00f6kenli olup &#8220;pencere&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelirken, &#8220;payanda&#8221; kelimesi ise Arap\u00e7a k\u00f6kenli olup &#8220;destek&#8221; anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Birle\u015fti\u011finde, cumba payandas\u0131, cumba olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir pencerenin i\u00e7erisinin ve d\u0131\u015f s\u00fctununun yap\u0131ya sa\u011flam destek sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir elemand\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yap\u0131sal eleman\u0131n temel amac\u0131, cumbal\u0131 pencerelerin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yarak binan\u0131n dengesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Cumba payandalar\u0131, estetik bir unsur olarak da kullan\u0131labilmektedir. Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde \u00f6zellikle yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fczel sanatlarla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e olan bu yap\u0131sal eleman, geleneksel T\u00fcrk evlerinde ve Osmanl\u0131 saraylar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Cumbal\u0131 pencerelerin payandalar\u0131, ah\u015fap veya ta\u015f malzemelerden yap\u0131labilmektedir. Bu payandalar genellikle d\u0131\u015f cephenin dikkat \u00e7eken bir unsuru olarak s\u00fcslemelerle bezenir. Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde, cumba payandalar\u0131 genellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli geometrik desenlerle veya bitkisel motiflerle s\u00fcslenir. Bu \u00f6zel detaylar, yap\u0131ya estetik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazand\u0131r\u0131r ve ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze sanat tarihine benzersiz bir yolculuk sunar.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4615 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/cumba-payanda.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"649\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/cumba-payanda.png 649w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/cumba-payanda-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/cumba-payanda-150x115.png 150w, https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/cumba-payanda-450x344.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Osmanl\u0131 Mimarisinde Payanda<\/h2>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 mimarisi, \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 a\u015fan estetik de\u011ferleri ve m\u00fckemmeliyet\u00e7i anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla d\u00fcnya taraf\u0131ndan hayranl\u0131kla takip edilen bir mimari tarzd\u0131r. Bu tarzda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan <strong>payandalar<\/strong>, yap\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini sa\u011flamak \u00fczere kullan\u0131lan yap\u0131sal desteklerdir. Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde payandalar, yap\u0131lar\u0131n mimari detaylar\u0131na zarif bir \u015fekilde entegre edilmi\u015ftir ve bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 tip ve \u00e7e\u015fitte kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde payandalar, yap\u0131sal zorlamalardan dolay\u0131 zay\u0131f olan b\u00f6lgeleri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek ve yap\u0131y\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Payandalar, ta\u015f, tu\u011fla veya ah\u015fap gibi malzemelerden yap\u0131labilir ve genellikle yap\u0131ya d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yap\u0131larda Kullan\u0131lan Payanda \u00c7e\u015fitleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1. S\u00fctunlu Payandalar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>S\u00fctunlu payandalar, genellikle ta\u015f veya mermerden yap\u0131lan s\u00fctunlarla desteklenmi\u015f yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu payandalar, yap\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f cephelerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve estetik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm sunar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2. Konsol Payandalar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Konsol payandalar, yap\u0131y\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u015feklindeki destek elemanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu payandalar genellikle ta\u015f veya ah\u015faptan yap\u0131l\u0131r ve genellikle cumba veya sundurmalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>3. Destek Duvarlar\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Destek duvarlar\u0131, yap\u0131y\u0131 d\u0131\u015f etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 korumak ve istikrar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan payandalar\u0131n bir t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu payandalar, i\u00e7 mekanlarda veya yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f cephelerinde kullan\u0131labilir ve yap\u0131ya ek g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme sa\u011flar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinde payandalar, yap\u0131lar\u0131n estetik de\u011ferlerini art\u0131ran ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00f6nemli bir unsurdur. Bu yap\u0131sal destekler, Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinin g\u00fczelli\u011finin ve sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki temel unsurlardan biridir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde binalar\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan bir yap\u0131 eleman\u0131 olan payanda, mimari yap\u0131lar\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131ndan biri haline gelmi\u015ftir. Bu yaz\u0131da, payandan\u0131n ne oldu\u011fundan, farkl\u0131 yap\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitlerine ve \u00f6zellikle Osmanl\u0131 mimarisindeki \u00f6nemine kadar bir\u00e7ok konuyu ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Payandan\u0131n tarih\u00e7esi, i\u015flevi ve mimariye katt\u0131\u011f\u0131 estetik de\u011ferlerle ilgili detayl\u0131 bilgileri burada bulabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4617,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4614","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-insaat-yapi-malzemeleri"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4614"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4614\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasmarket.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}